ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: There are no studies on long-term bilateral calf stretching in relation to balance and plantar pressure. OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate that there is better control of posture and pressures after continuous stretching of the posterior calf muscles. DESIGN AND SETTING: Pre and post-intervention study conducted in a private clinic. METHODS: We measured static footprints and stabilometry before and after continuous passive plantar flexor stretching of duration 120 seconds, among 24 healthy subjects. RESULTS: We found differences in Y displacement with eyes closed (P = 0.010), but not among other variables with eyes closed: X displacement (P = 0.263); surface (P = 0.940); laterolateral speed displacement (P = 0.279); and anteroposterior speed displacement (P = 0.914). There were also no differences in eyes-open variables: X displacement (P = 0.341); Y displacement (P = 0.491); surface (P = 0.167); laterolateral speed displacement (P = 0.852); and anteroposterior speed displacement (P = 0.079). The plantar pressures in the heel (maximum pressure, P = 0.048; mean pressure, P = 0.001) and in the midfoot (maximum pressure, P = 0.004; mean pressure, P = 0.004) were reduced, but not in the forefoot (maximum pressure, P = 0.391; mean pressure, P = 0.225). The surface became larger in the forefoot (P = 0.000) and midfoot (P = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS: Continuous static stretching of plantar flexors for 120 seconds improved stance balance and reduced plantar pressures (maximum and mean) in the rearfoot and midfoot. It also increased the surface in the midfoot and forefoot. TRIAL REGISTRATION: at clinicaltrials.gov, under the number NTC03743168.

ABSTRACT Introduction and objectives: This study aims to describe the activities to implement to improve the treatment as the prevention of oral disease, especially oral mycosis, in the geriatric population with aerosol therapy. Methodology: A bibliographic review process has been carried out in different national (CUIDEN) and international (Cochrane and PubMed) electronic databases, completing it with a manual search in clinical practice guides and search engines, and with a secondary search of articles. Publications published between January 2013 and March 2018 have been accepted. Results: The reduction of aerosol therapy doses, the correct oral hygiene and the adequate cleaning of the aerosol therapy devices are found as activities for the treatment and prevention of oral lesions, mainly oral candidiasis. Conclusions: It is considered necessary to conduct homogeneous studies focused on the geriatric population, especially in the prevention of these pathologies, overcoming the methodological limitations found.

RESUMEN Introducción y objetivos: El presente estudio se plantea describir las actividades a implementar para mejorar el tratamiento, tales como la prevención de lesiones orales, en especial, la micosis oral, en la población geriátrica en tratamiento con aerosolterapia. Metodología: Se ha llevado a cabo un proceso de revisión bibliográfica en diferentes bases de datos electrónicas nacionales (CUIDEN) e internacionales (Cochrane y PubMed), que se ha completado con una búsqueda manual de guías de práctica clínica y motores de búsqueda, y con una búsqueda secundaria de artículos. Se han admitido publicaciones realizadas entre enero de 2013 y marzo de 2018. Resultados: La disminución de las dosis de aerosolterapia, la correcta higiene bucodental y la adecuada limpieza de los dispositivos de aerosolterapia se encuentran como actividades para el tratamiento y la prevención de las lesiones bucales, principalmente las candidiasis orales. Conclusiones: Se considera necesario realizar estudios homogéneos y centrados en la población geriátrica, sobre todo en la prevención de estas patologías, superando las limitaciones metodológicas encontradas.